8-Iso-prostaglandin F2α as a biomarker of type 2 low airway inflammation and remodeling in adult asthma

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol. 2024 Jul;133(1):73-80.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.anai.2024.04.007. Epub 2024 Apr 13.

Abstract

Background: Although 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a has been proposed as a potential biomarker for oxidative stress in airway diseases, its specific role in asthma remains poorly understood.

Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic potential of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a in assessing airway inflammation, airway remodeling, airway hyperresponsiveness, and oxidative stress in asthma.

Methods: Blood and urine concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a were quantified using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry in 128 adults with asthma who had maintained antiasthma medications. Their correlations with clinical data, sputum cell counts, lung function parameters, and serum markers of epithelial/neutrophil activity and airway remodeling were then analyzed.

Results: The urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a concentrations were significantly higher in patients with noneosinophilic asthma than in those with eosinophilic asthma (P < .05). The area under the curve was 0.678, indicating moderate diagnostic accuracy for noneosinophilic asthma. There were significant correlations with neutrophilic inflammation markers and airway remodeling markers (all P < .05). Negative correlations were observed with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (%), forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity, forced expiratory flow at 25% to 75% of forced vital capacity, and serum club cell protein 16 levels (all P < .05). High 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a concentrations were also noted in obese and smoking subgroups (all P < .05). However, the serum 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a concentrations were not correlated with these asthma-related parameters.

Conclusion: Urinary 8-iso-prostaglandin F2a concentrations are a potential biomarker for phenotyping severe asthma, particularly noneosinophilic asthma, offering oxidative stress-induced epithelial inflammation/remodeling as an additional target in asthma management.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Airway Remodeling*
  • Asthma* / diagnosis
  • Asthma* / physiopathology
  • Biomarkers* / blood
  • Biomarkers* / urine
  • Dinoprost* / analogs & derivatives
  • Dinoprost* / urine
  • Eosinophils / immunology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / diagnosis
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Oxidative Stress*
  • Respiratory Function Tests
  • Sputum / metabolism

Substances

  • Dinoprost
  • Biomarkers
  • 8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha