Equivalent immunogenicity across three RSVpreF vaccine lots in healthy adults 18-49 years of age: Results of a randomized phase 3 study

Vaccine. 2024 May 10;42(13):3172-3179. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.03.070. Epub 2024 Apr 16.

Abstract

Background: Bivalent RSV prefusion F subunit vaccine (RSVpreF), comprised of equal quantities of stabilized prefusion F antigens from the major circulating subgroups (RSV A, RSV B), is licensed for prevention of RSV-associated lower respiratory tract illness (LRTI) in older adults and for maternal vaccination for prevention of RSV-associated LRTI in infants. To support licensure and large-scale manufacturing, this lot consistency study was conducted to demonstrate equivalence in immunogenicity across 3 RSVpreF lots.

Methods: This phase 3, multicenter, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, randomized (1:1:1:1), double-blind study evaluated immunogenicity, safety, and tolerability of RSVpreF in healthy 18-49-year-old adults. Participants received a single 120-µg injection of 1 of 3RSVpreF lots or placebo. Geometric mean ratio (GMR) of RSV serum 50 % neutralizing geometric mean titers obtained 1 month after vaccination were compared between each vaccine lot for RSV A and RSV B, separately. Equivalence between lots was defined using a 1.5-fold criterion (GMR 95 % CIs for every lot pair within the 0.667-1.5 interval). Safety and tolerability were assessed.

Results: Of 992participants vaccinated, 948 were included in the evaluable immunogenicity population. All 3 RSVpreF lots elicited strong immune responses, meeting the 1.5-fold equivalence criterion for all between-lot comparisons for both RSV A and RSV B. Across the 3 lots, RSV A and RSV B 50 % neutralizing geometric mean titers substantially increased from baseline (RSV A, 1671-1795; RSV B 1358-1429) to 1 month after RSVpreF vaccination (RSV A, 24,131-25,238; RSV B, 19,238-21,702), corresponding to ≥14-fold increases in 50 % neutralizing titers for both RSV A and RSV B from before to 1 month after vaccination. Single doses of RSVpreF were safe and well tolerated, with similar safety profiles across the 3 RSVpreF lots.

Conclusions: These findings support the reproducibility of RSVpreF vaccine manufacturing with similar safety and reactogenicity profiles (NCT05096208).

Keywords: Immunogenicity; Lot consistency; Neutralising antibody; Randomised trial; Respiratory syncytial virus microneutralisation assay; Safety.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase III
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / blood
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing / immunology
  • Antibodies, Viral* / blood
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Female
  • Healthy Volunteers
  • Humans
  • Immunogenicity, Vaccine*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* / immunology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections* / prevention & control
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines* / administration & dosage
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines* / adverse effects
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines* / immunology
  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Human* / immunology
  • Vaccination / methods
  • Vaccines, Subunit / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Subunit / adverse effects
  • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology
  • Viral Fusion Proteins / immunology
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines
  • Antibodies, Viral
  • Antibodies, Neutralizing
  • Vaccines, Subunit
  • Viral Fusion Proteins

Associated data

  • ClinicalTrials.gov/NCT05096208