Safety and efficacy of endoscope-assisted versus microscopic microvascular decompression surgery for hemifacial spasm: a prospective cohort study

Acta Neurol Belg. 2024 Oct;124(5):1555-1560. doi: 10.1007/s13760-024-02539-4. Epub 2024 Apr 16.

Abstract

Microscopic microvascular decompression (M-MVD) is a classical treatment for relieving long-term hemifacial spasms (HFS). An endoscopy technique has recently been introduced to improve M-MVD; however, this application remains debatable. This study compared the safety and effectiveness of endoscope-assisted microvascular decompression (EA-MVD) and M-MVD for HFS. From February 2021 to September 2022, we enrolled 49 patients with HFS assigned to the EA-MVD (n = 26) and M-MVD (n = 23) groups. The patients were assessed with Park YS grades, operative time, hospital days, and complications. Evaluations were performed in the early postoperative period, at one month, 3 months, 6 months, and at least 12 months. Twenty-three (23/26, 88.5%) patients in the EA-MVD group and 20 (20/23, 87.0%) patients in the M-MVD group achieved spasm-free relief, ranging over "excellent" and "good" Park YS grades. The operative time in the EA-MVD and M-MVD groups were 143 ± 28 min and 145 ± 22 min (p = 0.002). The duration of hospital stay was 6.8 ± 0.8 days and 7.2 ± 1.3 days in the EA-MVD and M-MVD groups (p = 0.002), respectively. All surgeries for HFS were successful, with no death, stroke, hearing loss, facial numbness, or other extreme complications. In conclusion, EA-MVD, compared with M-MVD, demonstrated equally effective outcomes with decreased operative time and hospital stays, providing bright intraoperative illumination and flexible surgical vision.

Keywords: Abnormal muscle response; Endoscopic microvascular decompression; Hemifacial spasm; Mini-invasive surgery.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cohort Studies
  • Endoscopy / adverse effects
  • Endoscopy / methods
  • Female
  • Hemifacial Spasm* / surgery
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Microvascular Decompression Surgery* / adverse effects
  • Microvascular Decompression Surgery* / methods
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome