Law Enforcement Officers Have an Increased Prevalence of Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease That Is Not Explained by Traditional Risk Factors

J Occup Environ Med. 2024 Jul 1;66(7):590-596. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003119. Epub 2024 Apr 16.

Abstract

The aim of the study is to determine if law enforcement officers develop subclinical atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) earlier than nonofficers and, if so, the extent to which conventional risk factors explain this difference. Methods: Estimated pulse wave velocity (ePWV) was the marker of subclinical ASCVD. EPWV, ASCVD risk factors, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and 10-year risk for ASCVD were compared among 408 law enforcement officers and a civilian cohort. Results: EPWV, 10-year ASCVD risk, and MetS prevalence increased significantly with age. All but the officers age 55 and older had higher ePWV cohort than the civilian cohort ( P < 0.001). Ten-year ASCVD risk explained the most variability of ePWV ( R2 = 0.49, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Officers develop subclinical ASCVD earlier than nonofficers. Conventional ASCVD risk factors only explain about half of this increase. Occupational factors may play a role in contributing to this increased ASCVD risk.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Heart Disease Risk Factors
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Metabolic Syndrome* / epidemiology
  • Middle Aged
  • Occupational Diseases / epidemiology
  • Occupational Diseases / etiology
  • Police* / statistics & numerical data
  • Prevalence
  • Pulse Wave Analysis
  • Risk Factors