Impact of operative time on textbook outcome after minimally invasive esophagectomy, a risk-adjusted analysis from a high-volume center

Surg Endosc. 2024 Jun;38(6):3195-3203. doi: 10.1007/s00464-024-10834-7. Epub 2024 Apr 17.

Abstract

Background: We aimed to study the impact of operative time on textbook outcome (TO), especially postoperative complications and length of postoperative stay in minimally invasive esophagectomy.

Methods: Patients undergoing esophagectomy for curative intent within a prospectively maintained database from 2016 to 2022 were retrieved. Relationships between operative time and outcomes were quantified using multivariable mixed-effects models with medical teams random effects. A restricted cubic spline (RCS) plotting was used to characterize correlation between operative time and the odds for achieving TO.

Results: Data of 2210 patients were examined. Median operative time was 270 mins (interquartile range, 233-313) for all cases. Overall, 902 patients (40.8%) achieved TO. Among non-TO patients, 226 patients (10.2%) had a major complication (grade ≥ III), 433 patients (19.6%) stayed postoperatively longer than 14 days. Multivariable analysis revealed operative time was associated with higher odds of major complications (odds ratio 1.005, P < 0.001) and prolonged postoperative stay (≥ 14 days) (odds ratio 1.003, P = 0.006). The relationship between operative time and TO exhibited an inverse-U shape, with 298 mins identified as the tipping point for the highest odds of achieving TO.

Conclusions: Longer operative time displayed an adverse influence on postoperative morbidity and increased lengths of postoperative stay. In the present study, the TO displayed an inverse U-shaped correlation with operative time, with a significant peak at 298 mins. Potential factors contributing to prolonged operative time may potentiate targets for quality metrics and risk-adjustment process.

Keywords: Minimally invasive esophagectomy; Operative time; Textbook outcome.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Esophageal Neoplasms / surgery
  • Esophagectomy* / adverse effects
  • Esophagectomy* / methods
  • Female
  • Hospitals, High-Volume* / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Laparoscopy / adverse effects
  • Laparoscopy / methods
  • Laparoscopy / statistics & numerical data
  • Length of Stay* / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / statistics & numerical data
  • Operative Time*
  • Postoperative Complications* / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications* / etiology
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Adjustment / methods
  • Treatment Outcome