Sunlight: Time for a Rethink?

J Invest Dermatol. 2024 Aug;144(8):1724-1732. doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2023.12.027. Epub 2024 Apr 24.

Abstract

UVR is a skin carcinogen, yet no studies link sun exposure to increased all-cause mortality. Epidemiological studies from the United Kingdom and Sweden link sun exposure with reduced all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality. Vitamin D synthesis is dependent on UVB exposure. Individuals with higher serum levels of vitamin D are healthier in many ways, yet multiple trials of oral vitamin D supplementation show little benefit. Growing evidence shows that sunlight has health benefits through vitamin D-independent pathways, such as photomobilization of nitric oxide from cutaneous stores with reduction in cardiovascular morbidity. Sunlight has important systemic health benefit as well as risks.

Keywords: Environment and public health; Health status; Mortality; Nitric oxide; UVR.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / etiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Humans
  • Skin / metabolism
  • Skin / radiation effects
  • Skin Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / etiology
  • Skin Neoplasms* / prevention & control
  • Sunlight*
  • Ultraviolet Rays* / adverse effects
  • Vitamin D* / administration & dosage
  • Vitamin D* / blood
  • Vitamin D* / metabolism

Substances

  • Vitamin D