When a friendship between medical residents gave birth to French neurosurgery in the early twentieth century - the story of surgeon Thierry de Martel and neurologist Clovis Vincent under the watchful eye of Joseph Babinski

Affiliations

• ¹ Department of Neurosurgery, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France. [email protected].
• ² Université Paris Cité, Paris, France. [email protected].
• ³ Inserm, U1266, IMA-Brain, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France. [email protected].
• ⁴ Department of Neurosurgery, GHU Paris Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Hôpital Sainte-Anne, Paris, France.
• ⁵ Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
• ⁶ Inserm, U1266, IMA-Brain, Centre de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences, Paris, France.
• ⁷ Institute of Neurology, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Paris, France.
• ⁸ Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS) - Developmental Biology Laboratory, UMR7622 CNRS, INSERM ERL 1156, Sorbonne Université, 9 Quai Saint-Bernard, 75005, Paris, France.