Dronedarone for the Treatment of Atrial Arrhythmias in Adults With Congenital Heart Disease

Tex Heart Inst J. 2024 Apr 30;51(1):e227993. doi: 10.14503/THIJ-22-7993.

Abstract

Background: Atrial tachyarrhythmias are common and difficult to treat in adults with congenital heart disease. Dronedarone has proven effective in patients without congenital heart disease, but data are limited about its use in adults with congenital heart disease of moderate to great complexity.

Methods: A single-center, retrospective chart review of 21 adults with congenital heart disease of moderate to great complexity who were treated with dronedarone for atrial tachyarrhythmias was performed.

Results: The median (IQR) age at dronedarone initiation was 35 (27.5-39) years. Eleven patients (52%) were male. Ten patients (48%) had New York Heart Association class I disease, 10 (48%) had class II disease, and 1 (5%) had class III disease. Ejection fraction at initiation was greater than 55% in 11 patients (52%), 35% to 55% in 9 patients (43%), and less than 35% in 1 patient (5%). Prior treatments included β-blockers (71%), sotalol (38%), amiodarone (24%), digoxin (24%), and catheter ablation (38%). Rhythm control was complete in 5 patients (24%), partial in 6 (29%), and inadequate in 10 (48%). Two patients (10%) experienced adverse events, including nausea in 1 (5%) and cardiac arrest in 1 (5%), which occurred 48 months after initiation of treatment. There were no deaths during the follow-up period. The median (IQR) follow-up time for patients with complete or partial rhythm control was 20 (1-54) months.

Conclusion: Dronedarone can be effective for adult patients with congenital heart disease and atrial arrhythmias for whom more established therapies have failed, and with close monitoring it can be safely tolerated.

Keywords: Dronedarone; arrhythmias, cardiac; atrial fibrillation; atrial flutter; heart defects, congenital.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Amiodarone / adverse effects
  • Amiodarone / analogs & derivatives
  • Amiodarone / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents* / adverse effects
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation / diagnosis
  • Atrial Fibrillation / drug therapy
  • Atrial Fibrillation / physiopathology
  • Dronedarone* / adverse effects
  • Dronedarone* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / complications
  • Heart Defects, Congenital* / physiopathology
  • Heart Rate / drug effects
  • Heart Rate / physiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Dronedarone
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Amiodarone