Drug-induced mucosal alterations observed during esophagogastroduodenoscopy

World J Gastroenterol. 2024 Apr 28;30(16):2220-2232. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v30.i16.2220.

Abstract

Several features of drug-induced mucosal alterations have been observed in the upper gastrointestinal tract, i.e., the esophagus, stomach, and duodenum. These include pill-induced esophagitis, desquamative esophagitis, worsening of gastroesophageal reflux, chemotherapy-induced esophagitis, proton pump inhibitor-induced gastric mucosal changes, medication-induced gastric erosions and ulcers, pseudomelanosis of the stomach, olmesartan-related gastric mucosal inflammation, lanthanum deposition in the stomach, zinc acetate hydrate tablet-induced gastric ulcer, immune-related adverse event gastritis, olmesartan-asso-ciated sprue-like enteropathy, pseudomelanosis of the duodenum, and lanthanum deposition in the duodenum. For endoscopists, acquiring accurate knowledge regarding these diverse drug-induced mucosal alterations is crucial not only for the correct diagnosis of these lesions but also for differential diag-nosis of other conditions. This minireview aims to provide essential information on drug-induced mucosal alterations observed on esophagogastroduodenoscopy, along with representative endoscopic images.

Keywords: Diagnosis; Duodenal lesions; Esophageal lesions; Esophagogastroduodenoscopy; Gastric lesions; Non-neoplastic lesions.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Endoscopy, Digestive System* / methods
  • Esophageal Mucosa / diagnostic imaging
  • Esophageal Mucosa / drug effects
  • Esophageal Mucosa / pathology
  • Gastric Mucosa / diagnostic imaging
  • Gastric Mucosa / drug effects
  • Gastric Mucosa / pathology
  • Humans
  • Intestinal Mucosa / diagnostic imaging
  • Intestinal Mucosa / drug effects
  • Intestinal Mucosa / pathology
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors / adverse effects

Substances

  • Proton Pump Inhibitors