Prevalence, types, and characteristics of headache in Behcets disease without involvement of the central nervous system in the Syrian population: a case-cohort study

Introduction: Oral ulcers, genital ulcers, and uveitis represent the typical trial of Behcet's disease (BD). It is well common on the Old Silk Road. The mucocutaneous lesions are the hallmark of BD, but neurological involvement is one of the severe symptoms. Headaches may be an early sign of BD neurological involvement. This study aims to investigate the headache prevalence and its types, and characteristics in a Syrian sample of BD patients.

Methods: BD patients were clinically interviewed and examined to collect their information, symptoms, and signs. the International Study Group for Behcet's Disease diagnosis criteria was used to confirm the BD diagnosis. The International Classification of headaches was used when classifying the headaches.

Results: One hundred twenty participants were included in the study. half of them were BD patients and the control group was also 60 participants. Among Syrian BD patients, 36.7% suffer from primary headaches and 36.7% suffer from secondary headaches. These findings were not significantly different between the BD patients and the healthy population. Our results showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups.

Conclusion: Headache should not be considered a predictor for neurological involvement among BD patients. Additional attention to BD patients or the specific treatment for headaches is not required and does not differ from the general population.