Direct enzymatic hydrolysis of solid wheat straw with endo-xylanases: Effect of the temperature on the hemicellulose release and the product profile modulation

Prebiotics are non-digestible compounds that promote intestinal microbiota growth and/or activity. Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are new prebiotics derived from the hemicellulose fraction of lignocellulosic materials. Challenges in using those materials as sources for prebiotic compounds lie in the hemicellulose extraction efficiency and the safety of those ingredients. In this sense, this work aims to optimize hemicellulose extraction and XOS production through direct enzymatic hydrolysis of alkali pre-treated wheat straw without undesired byproducts. By increasing the temperature of the enzymatic step from 40 °C to 65 °C we achieved an improvement in the extraction yield from 55 % to 80 %. Products with different degrees of polymerization were also noticed: while XOS ≤ X₆ where the main products at 40 °C, a mixture of long arabinoxylan derived polymers (ADPo) and XOS ≤ X₆ was obtained at 65 °C, irrespective of the extraction yield. Thus, a modulatory effect of temperature on the product profile is suggested here. Among the XOS ≤ X₆ produced, X₂-X₃ were the main products, and X₄ was the minor one. At the end of the hydrolysis, 146.7 mg XOS per gram of pre-treated wheat straw were obtained.