A novel anti-LAG-3/TIGIT bispecific antibody exhibits potent anti-tumor efficacy in mouse models as monotherapy or in combination with PD-1 antibody

Sci Rep. 2024 May 9;14(1):10661. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-61477-6.

Abstract

We report the generation of a novel anti-LAG-3/TIGIT bispecific IgG4 antibody, ZGGS15, and evaluated its anti-tumor efficacy in mouse models as monotherapy or in combination with a PD-1 antibody. ZGGS15 exhibited strong affinities for human LAG-3 and TIGIT, with KDs of 3.05 nM and 2.65 nM, respectively. ZGGS15 has EC50s of 0.69 nM and 1.87 nM for binding to human LAG-3 and TIGIT on CHO-K1 cells, respectively. ZGGS15 competitively inhibited the binding of LAG-3 to MHC-II (IC50 = 0.77 nM) and the binding of TIGIT to CD155 (IC50 = 0.24 nM). ZGGS15 does not induce ADCC, CDC, or obvious cytokine production. In vivo results showed that ZGGS15 had better anti-tumor inhibition than single anti-LAG-3 or anti-TIGIT agents and demonstrated a synergistic effect when combined with nivolumab, with a significantly higher tumor growth inhibition of 95.80% (p = 0.001). The tumor volume inhibition rate for ZGGS15 at 2 mg/kg was 69.70%, and for ZGGS15 at 5 mg/kg plus nivolumab at 1 mg/kg, it was 94.03% (p < 0.001). Our data reveal that ZGGS15 exhibits potent anti-tumor efficacy without eliciting ADCC or CDC or causing cytokine production, therefore having a safe profile.

Keywords: Bispecific monoclonal antibody; Cancer immunotherapy; Immune checkpoint inhibitor; Lymphocyte-activation gene 3 (LAG-3); T cell immunoreceptor with immunoglobulin and ITIM domain (TIGIT).

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / pharmacology
  • Antibodies, Bispecific* / therapeutic use
  • Antigens, CD / immunology
  • Antigens, CD / metabolism
  • CHO Cells
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cricetulus
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein*
  • Mice
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor* / immunology
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / immunology
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / metabolism
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Antibodies, Bispecific
  • Antigens, CD
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
  • Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein
  • Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • TIGIT protein, human