A Comparison of the Spot Urine Protein-Creatinine Ratio with 24-h Urinary Protein for Quantification of Proteinuria: A Hospital-based Cross-sectional Study

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl. 2023 Nov 1;34(6):548-557. doi: 10.4103/sjkdt.sjkdt_261_22. Epub 2024 May 9.

Abstract

Quantifying the amount of proteinuria is mandatory in various disease conditions. The aim of this study was to study whether the spot urine protein-creatinine ratio (P-CR) correlates well with 24-h urinary total protein (UTP). The research hypothesis was that spot urine P-CR would correlate well with 24-h UTP. This was a cross-sectional, single-center study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. The spot urinary P-CR and 24-h urinary protein were determined from 70 patients with persistent glomerular proteinuria. This study included Nepalese patients aged 2-83 years, with a mean age of 36.56 years (standard deviation: 20.78). The number of males was slightly higher than females, and the male-female ratio was 1.26:1. Hypertension was present in 44.3% of patients, diabetes was present in 20% of patients, 74.3% of patients were suffering from acute glomerulonephritis with various causes, and 12.9% of patients had chronic kidney disease. A linear relationship existed between the spot urine P-CR and the 24-h UTP, with a correlation coefficient of 0.877 (P <0.01). The correlation was suboptimal at higher levels of protein excretion (>3.5 g/day). Random spot urine P-CR correlated well with the 24-h UTP, particularly at lower levels of protein excretion.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Biomarkers / urine
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Creatinine* / urine
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Predictive Value of Tests
  • Proteinuria* / diagnosis
  • Proteinuria* / urine
  • Time Factors
  • Urinalysis*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Creatinine
  • Biomarkers