Impact of Interactions between Su(Hw)-Dependent Insulators on the Transvection Effect in Drosophila melanogaster

Dokl Biochem Biophys. 2024 Aug;517(1):127-133. doi: 10.1134/S1607672924700820. Epub 2024 May 14.

Abstract

Transvection is a phenomenon of interallelic communication in which enhancers can activate a specific promoter located on a homologous chromosome. Insulators play a significant role in ensuring functional interactions between enhancers and promoters. In the presented work, we created a model where two or three copies of the insulator are located next to enhancers and promoters localized on homologous chromosomes. Using the Su(Hw) insulator as a model, we showed that the functional interaction between a pair of insulators promotes enhancer-promoter trans-interactions. The interaction between the three insulators, on the contrary, can lead to the formation of chromatin loops that sterically hinder the full enhancer-promoter interaction. The results of the work suggest the participation of insulators in the regulation of homologous chromosome pairing and in communication between distant genomic loci.

Keywords: Su(Hw); enhancer–promoter interactions; homologous chromosome pairing; insulator; transcription regulation.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chromatin / genetics
  • Chromatin / metabolism
  • Drosophila Proteins* / genetics
  • Drosophila Proteins* / metabolism
  • Drosophila melanogaster* / genetics
  • Enhancer Elements, Genetic*
  • Insulator Elements* / genetics
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic*
  • Repressor Proteins / genetics
  • Repressor Proteins / metabolism

Substances

  • Drosophila Proteins
  • su(Hw) protein, Drosophila
  • Repressor Proteins
  • Chromatin