Enrollment Trends Among Patients with Melanoma Brain Metastasis in Active Clinical Trials

Cancer Invest. 2024 May;42(5):400-407. doi: 10.1080/07357907.2024.2354809. Epub 2024 May 22.

Abstract

The CNS is a common site for distant metastasis and treatment failure in melanoma patients. This study aimed to evaluate the inclusion rate of patients with melanoma brain metastases (MBM) in prospective clinical trials. 69.3% of trials excluded MBM patients based on their CNS disease. In univariate analysis, trials not employing immunotherapy (p = 0.0174), inclusion of leptomeningeal disease (p < 0.0001) and non-pharmaceutical sponsor trials (p = 0.0461) were more likely to enroll patients with MBM. Thoughtful reconsideration of clinical trial designs is needed to give patients with MBMs access to promising investigational agents and improve outcomes for patients with MBM.

Keywords: Melanoma; brain metastasis; clinical trials; inclusion criteria; leptomeningeal disease.

MeSH terms

  • Brain Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Brain Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Clinical Trials as Topic*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Male
  • Melanoma* / pathology
  • Melanoma* / secondary
  • Melanoma* / therapy
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Selection*
  • Prospective Studies