Interventional treatment for post-thrombotic chronic venous obstruction: Progress and challenges

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord. 2024 Sep;12(5):101910. doi: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2024.101910. Epub 2024 May 20.

Abstract

Chronic venous obstruction, including nonthrombotic iliac vein lesions and post-thrombotic syndrome, presents a significant burden on patients' quality of life and health care systems. Venous recanalization and stenting have emerged as promising minimally invasive approaches, yet challenges in patient selection, procedural techniques, and long-term outcomes persist. This review synthesizes current knowledge on the interventional treatment of post-thrombotic syndrome, focusing on the evolution of endovascular techniques and stenting. Patient selection criteria, procedural details, and the characteristics of dedicated venous stents are discussed. Particular emphasis is given to the role of inflow and other anatomical considerations, along with postoperative management protocols for an optimal long-term outcome.

Keywords: Chronic venous obstruction; Patient selection; Post-thrombotic syndrome; Procedural techniques; Venous stenting.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Chronic Disease
  • Endovascular Procedures* / instrumentation
  • Humans
  • Iliac Vein / diagnostic imaging
  • Iliac Vein / physiopathology
  • Patient Selection
  • Postthrombotic Syndrome* / diagnostic imaging
  • Postthrombotic Syndrome* / therapy
  • Stents*
  • Treatment Outcome