Sputum interleukin-6 level as a marker of severity during acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease

Lara Mayrand; Juliette Elie; Yael Pinhas; Rachel Rignault-Bricard; Melissa Taylor; Joséphine Brice; Mariane de Montalembert; Claire Heilbronner; Agathe Beranger; Sofia Angyalosy; Stephanie Chhun; Thiago Trovati Maciel; Olivier Hermine; Slimane Allali

doi:10.1111/bjh.19561

Sputum interleukin-6 level as a marker of severity during acute chest syndrome in children with sickle cell disease

Br J Haematol. 2024 Jul;205(1):329-334. doi: 10.1111/bjh.19561. Epub 2024 May 23.

Authors

Lara Mayrand^{1

2}, Juliette Elie^{1

2}, Yael Pinhas^{2

3}, Rachel Rignault-Bricard^{1

3}, Melissa Taylor^{2

3}, Joséphine Brice^{2

3}, Mariane de Montalembert^{2

3}, Claire Heilbronner⁴, Agathe Beranger^{4

5}, Sofia Angyalosy⁴, Stephanie Chhun⁶, Thiago Trovati Maciel^{1

3}, Olivier Hermine^{1

3

7

8}, Slimane Allali^{1

2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms of Hematological Disorders and Therapeutical Implications, Imagine Institute, Inserm U1163, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
² Department of General Pediatrics and Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Sickle Cell Center, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
³ Laboratory of Excellence GR-Ex, Paris, France.
⁴ Department of Pediatric Intensive Care, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁵ URP7323 Pharmacologie et évaluation des thérapeutiques chez l'enfant et la femme enceinte, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁶ Laboratory of Immunology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, INEM Institute, Inserm U1151, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁷ Department of Hematology, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
⁸ Reference Center for Mastocytosis, Necker-Enfants Malades Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France.

PMID: 38783629
DOI: 10.1111/bjh.19561

Abstract

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a leading cause of morbimortality in sickle cell disease (SCD). In this prospective observational study, we investigated sputum interleukin-6 (IL-6) level as an ACS severity marker during 30 ACS episodes in 26 SCD children. Sputum IL-6 levels measured within the first 72 h of hospitalisation for ACS were significantly higher in patients with oxygen requirement ≥2 L/min, ventilation (invasive and/or non-invasive) length ≥5 days, bilateral and/or extensive opacities on chest X-ray or erythrocytapheresis requirement. Sputum IL-6 could serve as an ACS severity marker to help identify patients requiring targeted anti-inflammatory treatments such as tocilizumab.

Keywords: acute chest syndrome; interleukin‐6; paediatric; severity marker; sickle cell disease.

Publication types

Observational Study

MeSH terms

Acute Chest Syndrome* / etiology
Adolescent
Anemia, Sickle Cell* / complications
Biomarkers*
Child
Child, Preschool
Female
Humans
Interleukin-6* / analysis
Interleukin-6* / blood
Male
Prospective Studies
Severity of Illness Index*
Sputum* / metabolism

Substances

Interleukin-6
Biomarkers
IL6 protein, human