Observing the earth from space: Does a virtual reality overview effect experience increase pro-environmental behaviour?

PLoS One. 2024 May 29;19(5):e0299883. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299883. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Astronauts (and recently businessmen) often express a renewed sense of responsibility for taking care of the environment, after observing the overwhelming beauty of Earth from space. Despite recent attention for this "overview effect", it is unclear whether experiencing the effect directly impacts pro-environmental behaviour. Using a virtual reality experience, the current research tests in two experimental studies the direct impact of an immersive overview effect experience on both short-term and longer term subsequent pro-environmental behaviours (donating to an environmental NGO, consuming less diary and meat). Furthermore, it investigates whether the technological immersiveness of the VR experience amplifies the effect, and the mediating role of connectedness to nature. Results show no effects of the short (7 minutes) overview effect VR video on pro-environmental behaviour (Study 1). For the longer video (15 minutes, Study 2), the results showed that the most immersive experience (video featuring meditative music and voice-over) appeared to increase connection with nature and higher donation amounts to an eco-NGO, but not significantly. No effects were found for subsequent meat and dairy consumption behaviours (measured on day 2, 4, and 6). These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the specific features determining the effectiveness of the overview effect experiences on actual pro-environmental behaviour, providing important insights to businesses and educational institutions.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Astronauts / psychology
  • Earth, Planet
  • Environment
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Virtual Reality*
  • Young Adult

Grants and funding

The first author (FvH) received a grant supporting this research from the Association for Consumer Research and the Transformative Consumer Research (Grant nr 16; https://www.acrwebsite.org/web/tcr/grants). The second author (MM) is supported by a Dutch Research Council Veni grant (grant no. VI.Veni.201S.075). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.