Real Clinical Practice of Combined Atezolizumab Plus Chemotherapy in Patients With Small Cell Lung Cancer

Anticancer Res. 2024 Jun;44(6):2725-2730. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.17080.

Abstract

Background/aim: Atezolizumab, an anti-PD-L1 antibody, has been increasingly administered in combination with chemotherapy to patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC). This study aimed to determine how patients with extensive disease (ED) -SCLC responded to atezolizumab with chemotherapy and found factors affecting long-term response and survival.

Patients and methods: This study focused on patients with SCLC who were treated with a combination of atezolizumab and chemotherapy in Japan between 2019 and 2023. Patient information and tumor response were analyzed, along with adverse events. We compared data and estimated survival probabilities.

Results: In our clinical trial, 95 patients with SCLC who received this treatment had a median progression-free survival of 6.0 months and a median overall survival of 15.0 months. Immune-related adverse events were observed in 13.7% of the patients, with grade 3 or higher in 5.3%. The efficacy and immune-related adverse events associated with this treatment regimen were comparable to those reported in previous clinical trials. Progression-free survival >2 years was observed in a small number of patients (5.3%).

Conclusion: Our research will offer important insights for the future care of patients with extensive-stage SCLC by utilizing atezolizumab in combination with chemotherapy. Accumulation and confirmation of clinical practice results will have important implications for the future implementation of this therapy.

Keywords: Atezolizumab; chemotherapy; immune-related adverse events; overall survival; progression-free survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / administration & dosage
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / adverse effects
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized* / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / adverse effects
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* / drug therapy
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* / mortality
  • Small Cell Lung Carcinoma* / pathology

Substances

  • atezolizumab
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized