Development and validity evidence on the scale of perceived social support for university students (EPSSEU) during the period of social restrictions

BMC Public Health. 2024 Jun 1;24(1):1474. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18882-3.

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to validate a Perceived Social Support Scale for University Students (EPSSEU) during periods of social restrictions, by focusing on family and university support.

Subject and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with undergraduate students from a public higher education institution. The college students who participated in the study-1353 at baseline and 378 after 6 months-answered a virtual questionnaire containing questions on: sociodemographic and lifestyle data, items proposed for the EPSSEU, Satisfaction with Social Support Scale (ESSS), and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Exploratory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha reliability analysis, as well as discriminant, convergent, and known-group validations were performed.

Results: The results showed two factors support from: i) the university and ii) friends and family- which explained 61.82% of the variance in the data. The EPSSEU showed good reliability (Cronbach's alpha = 0.796) as well as validity, with higher scores among individuals without depression, anxiety, or stress.

Conclusion: The EPSSEU shows adequate psychometric qualities and may be a useful instrument for assessing university students' social support in pandemics, social distancing, and remote teaching contexts.

Keywords: Social restrictions; Social support; Students.

Publication types

  • Validation Study

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • COVID-19 / psychology
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Depression / psychology
  • Factor Analysis, Statistical
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Psychometrics*
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Social Support*
  • Students* / psychology
  • Students* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / standards
  • Universities
  • Young Adult