Weight change with antiretroviral switch from integrase inhibitor or tenofovir alafenamide-based to Doravirine-Based regimens in people with HIV

HIV Res Clin Pract. 2024 Dec;25(1):2339576. Epub 2024 Jun 3.

Abstract

Background: Weight gain has been well-described with integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) and tenofovir alafenamide (TAF). Doravirine (DOR) has been identified as a relatively "weight-neutral" drug; however, there is little data describing its effect on weight change in routine clinical practice.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective chart review of weight change among people with HIV changing from an INSTI- to a non-INSTI regimen with DOR.

Results: At the time of ART switch, among 49 people with HIV, the mean age was 47 years, 24% were female, and 75% had HIV-1 viral load <200 copies/mL. Most (55%) people with HIV were taking bictegravir/TAF/emtricitabine prior to the switch. Although 84% switched due to concerns about weight gain, only 16% had a weight gain of ≥10% in the year preceding, and 49% had no substantial change in weight. 86% switched to DOR/lamivudine/tenofovir disoproxil fumarate. A weight decrease (-2.6% [95% CI: -5.1, -0.1%, p = .041] was seen over the year following the ART switch. Weight change prior to switch was greatest in the year 2021 compared to 2019, 2020, and 2022.

Conclusions: Overall, modest changes in weight were seen following ART switch from INSTI-based regimen to a DOR-based, non-INSTI regimen. Further investigations with larger people with HIV cohorts will be helpful to guide clinical practice, while the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on weight change should also be considered.

Keywords: HIV; Obesity; covid-19; doravirine; integrase inhibitor; weight gain.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Adenine / analogs & derivatives
  • Adenine / therapeutic use
  • Adult
  • Alanine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Alanine* / therapeutic use
  • Aminobutyrates / therapeutic use
  • Anti-HIV Agents / therapeutic use
  • Drug Substitution
  • Female
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • HIV Infections* / virology
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors / therapeutic use
  • HIV-1 / drug effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pyridones* / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Tenofovir* / analogs & derivatives
  • Tenofovir* / therapeutic use
  • Triazoles
  • Viral Load / drug effects
  • Weight Gain* / drug effects

Substances

  • Tenofovir
  • Pyridones
  • tenofovir alafenamide
  • Alanine
  • doravirine
  • Anti-HIV Agents
  • Aminobutyrates
  • HIV Integrase Inhibitors
  • Adenine
  • Triazoles