Gallocin-derived Engineered Peptides Targeting EGFR and VEGFR in Colorectal Cancer: A Bioinformatic Approach

Curr Top Med Chem. 2024;24(18):1599-1614. doi: 10.2174/0115680266295587240522050712.

Abstract

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment using time-saving and cost-effective targeted therapies with high selectivity and low toxicity drugs, is a great challenge. In primary investigations on Gallocin, as the most proposed factor in CRC pathogenesis caused by Streptococcus gallolyticus, it was surprisingly found that this bacteriocin has four α-helix structures and some anti-cancer sequences.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the ability of Gallocin-based anticancer peptides (ACPs) against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular epidermal growth factor receptor (VEGFR) and the evaluation of their pharmacokinetic properties using bioinformatic approaches.

Methods: Support vector machine algorithm web-based tools were used for predicting ACPs. The physicochemical characteristics and the potential of anti-cancer activity of Gallocin-derived ACPs were determined by in silico tools. The 3D structure of predicted ACPs was modeled using modeling tools. The interactions between predicted ACPs and targets were investigated by molecular docking exercises. Then, the stability of ligand-receptor interactions was determined by molecular dynamic simulation. Finally, ADMET analysis was carried out to check the pharmacokinetic properties and toxicity of ACPs.

Results: Four amino acid sequences with anti-cancer potential were selected. Through molecular docking, Pep2, and Pep3 gained the best scores, more binding affinity, and strong attachments by the formation of reasonable H-bonds with both EGFR and VEGFR. Molecular simulation confirmed the stability of Pep3- EGFR. According to pharmacokinetic analysis, the ACPs were safe and truthful.

Conclusion: Designed peptides can be nominated as drugs for CRC treatment. However, different in-vitro and in-vivo assessments are required to approve this claim.

Keywords: Colorectal cancer; Drug design; EGFR; Gallocin; In silico.; VEGFR.

MeSH terms

  • Antineoplastic Agents* / chemistry
  • Antineoplastic Agents* / pharmacology
  • Bacteriocins / chemistry
  • Bacteriocins / pharmacology
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Computational Biology*
  • Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor
  • ErbB Receptors* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • ErbB Receptors* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Molecular Docking Simulation
  • Peptides* / chemical synthesis
  • Peptides* / chemistry
  • Peptides* / pharmacology
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / metabolism

Substances

  • ErbB Receptors
  • EGFR protein, human
  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Peptides
  • Bacteriocins
  • Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor