Association between cardiac magnetic resonance ventricular strain and left ventricular thrombus in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

Int J Cardiovasc Imaging. 2024 Aug;40(8):1735-1744. doi: 10.1007/s10554-024-03163-2. Epub 2024 Jun 17.

Abstract

Background: Myocardial strain can analyze early myocardial dysfunction after myocardial infarction (MI). However, the correlation between left ventricular (LV) strain (including regional and global strain) obtained by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging and left ventricular thrombus (LVT) after ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) is unclear.

Methods: The retrospective clinical observation study included patients with LVT (n = 20) and non-LVT (n = 195) who underwent CMR within two weeks after STEMI. CMR images were analyzed using CVI 42 (Circle Cardiovascular Imaging, Canada) to obtain LV strain values. Logistic regression analysis identified risk factors for LVT among baseline characteristics, CMR ventricular strain, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Considering potential correlations between strains, the ability of LV strain to identify LVT was evaluated using 9 distinct models. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated with GraphPad Prism, and the area under the curve (AUC) of LVEF, apical longitudinal strain (LS), and circumferential strain (CS) was calculated to determine their capacity to distinguish LVT.

Results: Among 215 patients, 9.3% developed LVT, with a 14.5% incidence in those with anterior MI. Univariate regression indicated associations of LAD infarct-related artery, lower NT-proBNP, lower LVEF, and reduced global, midventricular, and apical strain with LVT. Further multivariable regression analysis showed that apical LS, LVEF and NT-proBNP were still independently related to LVT (Apical LS: OR = 1.14, 95%CI (1.01, 1.30), P = 0.042; LVEF: OR = 0.91, 95%CI (0.85, 0.97), P = 0.005; NT-proBNP: OR = 2.35, 95%CI (1.04, 5.31) ).

Conclusion: Reduced apical LS on CMR is independently associated with LVT after STEMI.

Keywords: Acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction; Cardiac magnetic resonance; Left ventricular thrombus; Ventricular strain.

Publication types

  • Observational Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / complications
  • Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / diagnostic imaging
  • Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / physiopathology
  • Anterior Wall Myocardial Infarction / therapy
  • Biomechanical Phenomena
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Female
  • Heart Diseases / diagnostic imaging
  • Heart Diseases / etiology
  • Heart Diseases / physiopathology
  • Humans
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Myocardial Contraction
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / blood
  • Odds Ratio
  • Peptide Fragments / blood
  • Predictive Value of Tests*
  • ROC Curve
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / complications
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / diagnostic imaging
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / physiopathology
  • ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction* / therapy
  • Stroke Volume*
  • Thrombosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Thrombosis / etiology
  • Thrombosis / physiopathology
  • Time Factors
  • Ventricular Function, Left*

Substances

  • Peptide Fragments
  • pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)
  • Natriuretic Peptide, Brain