Exosomes isolated from citrus lemon: a promising candidate for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease

Ther Deliv. 2024;15(7):507-519. doi: 10.1080/20415990.2024.2354119. Epub 2024 Jun 10.

Abstract

Aim: To investigate the efficacy of exosome-like nanovesicles from citrus lemon (EXO-CLs) in combating oxidative stress associated with Alzheimer's disease.Materials & methods: EXO-CLs were isolated through differential ultracentrifugation, characterized for particle size and evaluated for antioxidant activity.Results: EXO-CLs exhibited a mean size of 93.77 ± 12.31 nm, demonstrated permeability across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and displayed antioxidant activity comparable to ascorbic acid. Additionally, they were found to be non-toxic, with over 80% cell viability observed in SH-SY5Y cells.Conclusion: The study proposes that EXO-CLs could serve as an effective treatment for neurodegenerative diseases. This suggests a promising approach for targeted interventions in brain-related disorders, owing to the antioxidant properties and BBB permeability exhibited by EXO-CLs.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; SHSY-5Y cells; antioxidant; beta-amyloid; citrus lemon; exosomes like nanovesicles.

Plain language summary

[Box: see text].

MeSH terms

  • Alzheimer Disease* / drug therapy
  • Alzheimer Disease* / metabolism
  • Antioxidants* / pharmacology
  • Blood-Brain Barrier* / metabolism
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Survival* / drug effects
  • Citrus* / chemistry
  • Exosomes* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Particle Size
  • Permeability

Substances

  • Antioxidants