The Effect of Different Statin-Based Lipid-Lowering Strategies on C-Reactive Protein Levels in Patients With Stable Coronary Artery Disease

Clin Cardiol. 2024 Jun;47(6):e24301. doi: 10.1002/clc.24301.

Abstract

Background: Statins are lipid-lowering drugs with favorable anti-inflammatory effects. This study aimed to explore different statin-based lipid-lowering strategies to reduce high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).

Hypothesis: The hypothesis is that different statin-based lipid-lowering strategies might reduce hs-CRP.

Methods: This retrospective study included 3653 patients who underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Three statin-based lipid-lowering strategies were investigated, including different types of statins (atorvastatin vs. rosuvastatin), statin combined with ezetimibe therapy (vs. without), and intensive statin therapy (vs. regular). The hs-CRP levels and blood lipid indicators were measured at baseline and after 1-month lipid-lowering therapy. Multivariable linear regression analysis and structural equation mode analysis were conducted to verify the association between different lipid-lowering strategies, Δhs-CRP (%) and ΔLDL-C (%).

Results: Totally, 3653 patients were enrolled with an average age of 63.81 years. Multivariable linear regression demonstrated that statin combined with ezetimibe therapy was significantly associated with decreased Δhs-CRP (%) (β = -0.253, 95% CI: [-0.501 to -0.005], p = 0.045). The increased ΔLDL-C (%) was an independent predictor of elevated levels of Δhs-CRP (%) (β = 0.487, 95% CI: [0.15-0.824], p = 0.005). Furthermore, structural equation model analysis proved that statin combined with ezetimibe therapy (β = -0.300, p < 0.001) and intensive statin therapy (β = -0.032, p = 0.043) had an indirect negative effect on Δhs-CRP via ΔLDL-C.

Conclusions: Compared with routine statin use, statin combined with ezetimibe therapy and intensive statin therapy could further reduce hs-CRP levels.

Keywords: ezetimibe; inflammation; lipid‐lowering therapy; stable coronary artery disease; statin.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anticholesteremic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Atorvastatin / therapeutic use
  • Biomarkers* / blood
  • C-Reactive Protein* / analysis
  • C-Reactive Protein* / metabolism
  • Cholesterol, LDL / blood
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / blood
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / drug therapy
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Dyslipidemias / blood
  • Dyslipidemias / diagnosis
  • Dyslipidemias / drug therapy
  • Ezetimibe* / therapeutic use
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention* / methods
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Rosuvastatin Calcium / therapeutic use
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • C-Reactive Protein
  • Biomarkers
  • Ezetimibe
  • Rosuvastatin Calcium
  • Atorvastatin
  • Cholesterol, LDL
  • Anticholesteremic Agents