Immune checkpoint inhibition in early-stage non-small cell lung cancer

Lung Cancer. 2024 Jul:193:107855. doi: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107855. Epub 2024 Jun 14.

Abstract

The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors significantly advanced outcomes in both metastatic and locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Despite these advancements, the 5-year survival rate remains suboptimal. Even in early-stage disease a significant portion of patients relapse and die from metastatic progression. The integration of immunotherapy in the management of early-stage NSCLC demonstrated promising results, supported by a plethora of positive clinical trials conducted in recent years. Nonetheless, numerous questions persist. In this manuscript we comprehensively review the currently available data on adjuvant, neoadjuvant, and perioperative treatment strategies. We also address the challenges inherent to these approaches from different stakeholders' perspective.

Keywords: Early stage; Immune checkpoint inhibition; Neoadjuvant; Non-small cell lung cancer; Perioperative.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / drug therapy
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / immunology
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Immunotherapy / methods
  • Lung Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Lung Neoplasms* / immunology
  • Lung Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods
  • Neoplasm Staging*

Substances

  • Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors