Concomitant use of lansoprazole and ceftriaxone is associated with an increased risk of ventricular arrhythmias and cardiac arrest in a large Japanese hospital database

J Infect. 2024 Aug;89(2):106202. doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2024.106202. Epub 2024 Jun 17.

Abstract

Objectives: To determine whether concomitant use of ceftriaxone and oral or intravenous lansoprazole increases the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest in the real-world setting in Japan.

Methods: The data analyzed were obtained from the JMDC hospital-based administrative claims database for the period April 2014 to August 2022. Patients who received a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) while receiving ceftriaxone or sulbactam/ampicillin were identified. The frequency of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest was analyzed according to whether oral or intravenous PPI was concomitant with ceftriaxone or sulbactam/ampicillin. Estimates of the incidence of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest were then compared among the groups, using the Fine-Gray competing risk regression model.

Results: The results showed that the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest was significantly higher with concomitant ceftriaxone and oral lansoprazole (hazard ratio 2.92, 95% confidence interval 1.99-4.29, P < 0.01) or intravenous lansoprazole (hazard ratio 4.57, 95% confidence interval 1.24-16.80, P = 0.02) than with concomitant sulbactam/ampicillin and oral or intravenous lansoprazole.

Conclusions: Oral and intravenous lansoprazole may increase the risk of ventricular arrhythmia and cardiac arrest in patients who are receiving ceftriaxone.

Keywords: Cardiac adverse events; Ceftriaxone; Hospital-based database; Lansoprazole; Proton pump inhibitor.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / adverse effects
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac* / chemically induced
  • Arrhythmias, Cardiac* / epidemiology
  • Ceftriaxone* / administration & dosage
  • Ceftriaxone* / adverse effects
  • Databases, Factual
  • Drug Therapy, Combination / adverse effects
  • East Asian People
  • Female
  • Heart Arrest* / chemically induced
  • Heart Arrest* / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Japan / epidemiology
  • Lansoprazole* / administration & dosage
  • Lansoprazole* / adverse effects
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors* / administration & dosage
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors* / adverse effects
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors

Substances

  • Lansoprazole
  • Ceftriaxone
  • Proton Pump Inhibitors
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents