Comparison of maternal 25 (OH) vitamin D levels between premature infants with/without asphyxia

J Neonatal Perinatal Med. 2024;17(4):583-588. doi: 10.3233/NPM-230229.

Abstract

Objectives: Perinatal asphyxia is the main risk factor for mortality and morbidity in neonates and neurological disorders in survived infants. We compared the neonatal and maternal 25 (OH) vitamin D levels in neonates with/without asphyxia.

Materials and methods: This cross-sectional research was done on 229 neonates (including 158 neonates [69%] without asphyxia [control group] and 71 neonates [31%] with asphyxia [case group]) from 2020 to 2023 using the available sampling method. 25 (OH) Vit D levels in mothers and neonates were assessed and compared in the 2 groups. The data collection instrument was a researcher-made checklist, containing the maternal and neonatal characteristics and laboratory evaluations. Data were analyzed by SPSS 23 using the t-test.

Results: The mean maternal 25 (OH) Vit D levels in the case and control groups were 16.34±11.87 and 22.80±12.67 ng/mL, respectively. The mean neonatal 25 (OH) Vit D levels in the case and control groups were respectively 12.13±8.62 and 19.55±11.62 ng/mL (P = 0.002). The case group showed severer maternal and neonatal 25 (OH) Vit D deficiency (P = 0.000) compared to the control group.

Conclusions: Neonatal and maternal 25 (OH) Vit D deficiency can increase the risk of perinatal asphyxia. Therefore, administration of 25 (OH) Vit D supplements to pregnant mothers may reduce the incidence of asphyxia.

Keywords: 25 (OH) Vitamin D; Asphyxia; mothers; newborn; prematurity.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Asphyxia Neonatorum* / blood
  • Case-Control Studies
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Premature*
  • Male
  • Mothers
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / blood
  • Risk Factors
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / blood
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / complications
  • Vitamin D Deficiency* / epidemiology
  • Vitamin D* / analogs & derivatives
  • Vitamin D* / blood

Substances

  • Vitamin D
  • 25-hydroxyvitamin D