Abstract
The genus Brassica is an important source of food in the Mediterranean diet with documented nutritional and medicinal properties. However, few studies have investigated the phytochemical composition and the biological activity of wild Sicilian taxa. Thus, we aimed to study the chemical profile and the antioxidant potential, in vitro and in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, of a methanolic extract of leaves of wild Brassica macrocarpa Guss (B. macrocarpa) (Egadi Islands; Sicily-Italy). B. macrocarpa methanolic extract showed a large amount of glucosinolates and different phenolic compounds. It exhibited antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay and in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells, being able to reduce NO and ROS levels and NOS2 mRNA expression. Our study demonstrated that Sicilian B. macrocarpa methanolic extract, in LPS-stimulated macrophages, efficiently counteracts oxidative stress and displays radical scavenging activity. Future studies are required to identify the contribution of the single phytocomponents, to characterize the action mechanism, and to reveal possible applications in human health.
Keywords:
Brassica macrocarpa; Brassicaceae; ROS; antioxidant activity; scavenging activity.
MeSH terms
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Animals
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Antioxidants* / chemistry
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Antioxidants* / pharmacology
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Brassica* / chemistry
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Free Radical Scavengers* / chemistry
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Free Radical Scavengers* / pharmacology
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Glucosinolates / chemistry
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Glucosinolates / pharmacology
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Lipopolysaccharides / pharmacology
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Macrophages / drug effects
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Macrophages / metabolism
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Mice
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Nitric Oxide / metabolism
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / genetics
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / metabolism
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Oxidative Stress / drug effects
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Phenols / chemistry
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Phenols / pharmacology
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Plant Extracts* / chemistry
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Plant Extracts* / pharmacology
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Plant Leaves* / chemistry
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RAW 264.7 Cells
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Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
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Sicily
Substances
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Plant Extracts
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Free Radical Scavengers
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Antioxidants
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Nitric Oxide
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Reactive Oxygen Species
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Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
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Lipopolysaccharides
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Phenols
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Glucosinolates
Grants and funding
Fondo Finalizzato per la Ricerca (FFR) 2023 (MGZ, RS) MIUR. National Biodiversity Future Center (identification code CN00000033, CUP B73C22000790001) on ‘Biodiversity’, financed under the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mission 4, Component 2, Investment 1.4 “Strengthening of research structures and creation of R&D ‘national champions’ on some Key Enabling Technologies”—Call for tender No. 3138 of 16 December 2021, rectified by Decree no. 3175 of 18 December 2021 of the Italian Ministry of University and Research funded by the European Union—NextGenerationEU; Award Number: Project code CN_00000033, Concession Decree No. 1034 of 17 June 2022 adopted by the Italian Ministry of University and Research, CUP B73C22000790001, Project title “National Biodiversity Future Center—NBFC”.