Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition of the periodontal tissues triggered by bacterial biofilm, leading to manifestations such as gingival bleeding, tooth mobility, and eventual exfoliation. Neutrophils exhibit a dual role throughout the course of periodontitis, both in defense against pathogens and in potentially detrimental effects on periodontal tissues. This article elucidates the intricate mechanisms underlying the dual functions of neutrophils in periodontitis, including respiratory burst, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) formation, degranulation, and phagocytosis. By providing a comprehensive understanding of neutrophils involvement in periodontitis, this study aims to empower clinicians with insights into the pathogenesis of periodontitis, thereby fostering novel strategies for its prevention and treatment.
牙周炎是由菌斑生物膜引起的牙周组织慢性感染性疾病，可导致牙龈出血、牙齿松动并最终脱落。在牙周炎的发展过程中，中性粒细胞发挥着双重作用，既可以保护牙周组织免受病原体的侵害，也可能对牙周组织产生破坏性影响。本文从呼吸爆发、中性粒细胞细胞外诱捕网、脱颗粒作用以及吞噬作用等4个方面介绍中性粒细胞在牙周炎中的保护和破坏牙周组织的双重作用机制，以期深入阐述中性粒细胞在牙周炎中的作用，有助于临床医师更好地了解牙周炎的发生和发展机制，为牙周炎的预防和治疗提供新思路。.