Ulcerative erythematous papules and plaques on the face and lower legs of a man living with HIV: a clinicopathological challenge

Int J Dermatol. 2024 Nov;63(11):1522-1524. doi: 10.1111/ijd.17362. Epub 2024 Jul 4.

Abstract

A 44-year-old male presented with a 2-month history of erythematous ulcerative papules and plaques on the scalp, face, and bilateral lower legs. He had a 5-year history of well-controlled HIV on antiretroviral therapy and recurrent syphilis infections. His face had violaceous plaques, while bilateral ankles and calves had ulcerative lesions with necrotic centers and purple borders. The morphologies clinically mimicked pyoderma gangrenosum on the lower extremities and cutaneous lymphoma on the face. Biopsy and reactive rapid plasma reagin confirmed a diagnosis of lues maligna, and the patient was successfully treated with penicillin G benzathine.

Keywords: HIV; lues maligna; lymphoma; malignant syphilis; pyoderma gangrenosum; syphilis; ulceronodular.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Facial Dermatoses / diagnosis
  • Facial Dermatoses / drug therapy
  • Facial Dermatoses / pathology
  • Facial Dermatoses / virology
  • HIV Infections* / complications
  • HIV Infections* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Leg
  • Male
  • Penicillin G Benzathine / administration & dosage
  • Penicillin G Benzathine / therapeutic use
  • Skin Neoplasms / complications
  • Skin Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Skin Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Skin Neoplasms / pathology
  • Skin Ulcer / diagnosis
  • Skin Ulcer / drug therapy
  • Skin Ulcer / etiology
  • Skin Ulcer / pathology
  • Skin Ulcer / virology
  • Syphilis / complications
  • Syphilis / diagnosis
  • Syphilis / drug therapy
  • Syphilis / pathology

Substances

  • Penicillin G Benzathine