Melatonin improves fertilization rate in assisted reproduction: Systematic review and meta-analysis

Clinics (Sao Paulo). 2024 Jul 5:79:100397. doi: 10.1016/j.clinsp.2024.100397. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

Background: Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland and it has antioxidant properties.

Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of melatonin on assisted reproductive technologies through a systematic review and a meta-analysis.

Materials and methods: Search strategies were used in PubMed and in other databases covering the last 15 years. After screening for eligibility, 17 articles were selected for the systematic review. For the meta-analysis statistics, two groups were formed, the treatment group (with melatonin) and the control group (without melatonin) for various assisted reproduction outcomes.

Results: The main results were that no statistical differences were found concerning the clinical pregnancy outcome (p = 0.64), but there was a statistical difference with respect to Mature Oocytes (MII) (p = 0.001), antral follicle count (p = 0.0002), and the fertilization rate (p ≤ 0.0001).

Conclusions: Melatonin had beneficial effects such as the improvement in the fertilization rate, although the authors did not obtain significance in the clinical pregnancy rate.

Keywords: Assisted reproduction outcomes; Human reproduction; In vitro fertilization; Melatonin; Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome; Sytematic review.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Meta-Analysis
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Female
  • Fertilization / drug effects
  • Fertilization / physiology
  • Fertilization in Vitro / drug effects
  • Fertilization in Vitro / methods
  • Humans
  • Melatonin* / pharmacology
  • Melatonin* / therapeutic use
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Outcome
  • Pregnancy Rate*
  • Reproductive Techniques, Assisted

Substances

  • Melatonin
  • Antioxidants