Cyclic Peptide Conjugate Vaccines and Physically Mixed Cyclic Peptide Vaccines for Subcutaneous Immunization

Methods Mol Biol. 2024:2821:111-127. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3914-6_9.

Abstract

Immune stimulants (adjuvants) enhance immune system recognition to provide an effective and individualized immune response when delivered with an antigen. Synthetic cyclic deca-peptides, co-administered with a toll-like receptor targeting lipopeptide, have shown self-adjuvant properties, dramatically boosting the immune response in a murine model as a subunit peptide-based vaccine containing group A Streptococcus peptide antigens.Here, we designed a novel peptide and lipid adjuvant system for the delivery of group A Streptococcus peptide antigen and a T helper peptide epitope. Following linear peptide synthesis on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin, the linear peptide was cleaved and head-to-tail cyclized in solution. The selective arrangement of amino acids in the deca-peptide allowed for selective conjugation of lipids and/or peptide antigens following cyclisation. Using both solution-phase peptide chemistry and copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition reaction were covalently (and selectively) ligated lipid and/or peptide antigens onto the cyclic deca-peptide core. Subcutaneous administration of the vaccine design to mice resulted in the generation of a large number of serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies.

Keywords: Copper-catalyzed alkyne-azide cycloaddition click reaction; Cyclic peptide; Cyclic physical mixture; Lipopeptide; Self-assembly; Structure design and synthesis.

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic* / administration & dosage
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic* / chemistry
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Bacterial / chemistry
  • Antigens, Bacterial / immunology
  • Immunization* / methods
  • Immunoglobulin G / blood
  • Immunoglobulin G / immunology
  • Injections, Subcutaneous
  • Mice
  • Peptides, Cyclic* / chemistry
  • Peptides, Cyclic* / immunology
  • Protein Subunit Vaccines
  • Streptococcus pyogenes / immunology
  • Vaccines, Conjugate* / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Conjugate* / chemistry
  • Vaccines, Conjugate* / immunology
  • Vaccines, Subunit / administration & dosage
  • Vaccines, Subunit / chemistry
  • Vaccines, Subunit / immunology

Substances

  • Peptides, Cyclic
  • Vaccines, Conjugate
  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Vaccines, Subunit
  • Immunoglobulin G
  • Antigens, Bacterial
  • Protein Subunit Vaccines