Systematic review to evaluate accuracy studies of the diagnostic criteria for periodontitis in pregnant women

PLoS One. 2024 Jul 17;19(7):e0304758. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304758. eCollection 2024.

Abstract

The diversity of criteria used in the diagnosis of periodontitis in pregnant women makes it difficult to define and compare the disease. Using a systematic review, this study evaluated the accuracy of criteria for diagnosing periodontitis in pregnant women. Searches were carried out in the databases: Medline/PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, SciELO, Lilacs, ProQuest, and CINAHL. Validation studies of the criteria used for diagnosing periodontitis met the inclusion criteria. The study steps were performed by three independent reviewers. A qualitative synthesis of the included articles was carried out and the quality methodological analysis using the QUADAS-2 instrument. The assessment of the quality of the evidence was obtained through the GRADE tool. A total of 592 records were identified, of which only 6 made up this systematic review. The included studies analyzed different criteria for diagnosing periodontitis, evaluating 3,005 pregnant women. The criteria selected as a test presented results equivalent to the performance of those recognized as the gold standard. The self-reported criteria were of lower diagnostic accuracy. A major limitation of this review was the small number of primary studies that evaluated clinical diagnosis of periodontitis in pregnant women, which was highly heterogeneous, making it impossible to carry out accuracy meta-analysis and additional analyzes. There is a lack of consensus on the criteria for the diagnosis of periodontitis, with great variability in the accuracy and prevalence of the disease in pregnant women.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Female
  • Humans
  • Periodontitis* / diagnosis
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications / diagnosis

Grants and funding

The Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel, number 001, with the granting of a doctoral scholarship to Dr. Sarah dos Santos Conceição (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel – CAPES), Federal District Research Support Foundation (Fundação de Apoio a Pesquisa do Distrito Federal), Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil, and University of Brasilia, Distrito Federal, Brasilia, Brazil provided financial support for the research. The funder did not play any role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.