The effects of the combination therapy of chemotherapy drugs on the fluctuations of genes involved in the TLR signaling pathway in glioblastoma multiforme therapy

Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Aug:177:117137. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117137. Epub 2024 Jul 17.

Abstract

One of the most lethal and aggressive types of malignancies with a high mortality rate and poor response to treatment is glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This means that modernizing the medications used in chemotherapy, in addition to medicines licensed for use in other illnesses and chosen using a rationale process, can be beneficial in treating this illness. Meaningly, drug combination therapy with chemical or herbal originations or implanting a drug wafer in tumors to control angiogenesis is of great importance. Importantly, the primary therapeutic hurdles in GBM are the development of angiogenesis and the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which keeps medications from getting to the tumor. This malignancy can be controlled if the drug's passage through the BBB and the VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor), which promotes angiogenesis, are inhibited. In this way, the effect of combination therapy on the genes of different main signaling pathways like TLRs may be indicated as an impressive therapeutic strategy for treating GBM. This article aims to discuss the effects of chemotherapeutic drugs on the expression of various genes and associated translational factors involved in the TLR signaling pathway.

Keywords: TLR signaling pathway; cancer immunotherapy; combination therapy; glioblastoma multiforme.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antineoplastic Agents / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / pharmacology
  • Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / therapeutic use
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / drug effects
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms* / drug therapy
  • Brain Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Brain Neoplasms* / metabolism
  • Brain Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / drug effects
  • Glioblastoma* / drug therapy
  • Glioblastoma* / genetics
  • Glioblastoma* / pathology
  • Humans
  • Signal Transduction* / drug effects
  • Toll-Like Receptors* / metabolism

Substances

  • Toll-Like Receptors
  • Antineoplastic Agents