Viral aptamer screening and aptamer-based biosensors for virus detection: A review

Changchun Hu; Shuting Yang; Shuo Li; Xueying Liu; Yuan Liu; Zhu Chen; Hui Chen; Song Li; Nongyue He; Haipo Cui; Yan Deng

doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133935

Viral aptamer screening and aptamer-based biosensors for virus detection: A review

Int J Biol Macromol. 2024 Sep;276(Pt 2):133935. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133935. Epub 2024 Jul 17.

Authors

Changchun Hu¹, Shuting Yang², Shuo Li², Xueying Liu², Yuan Liu³, Zhu Chen², Hui Chen², Song Li², Nongyue He², Haipo Cui⁴, Yan Deng⁵

Affiliations

¹ Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China; School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
² Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China.
³ Institute for Future Sciences, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China.
⁴ School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
⁵ Hunan Key Laboratory of Biomedical Nanomaterials and Devices, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou, Hunan 412007, China; Institute for Future Sciences, University of South China, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China; Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 39029851
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133935

Abstract

Virus-induced infectious diseases have a detrimental effect on public health and exert significant influence on the global economy. Therefore, the rapid and accurate detection of viruses is crucial for effectively preventing and diagnosing infections. Aptamer-based detection technologies have attracted researchers' attention as promising solutions. Aptamers, small single-stranded DNA or RNA screened via systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX), possess a high affinity towards their target molecules. Numerous aptamers targeting viral marker proteins or virions have been developed and widely employed in aptamer-based biosensors (aptasensor) for virus detection. This review introduces SELEX schemes for screening aptamers and discusses distinctive SELEX strategies designed explicitly for viral targets. Furthermore, recent advances in aptamer-based biosensing methods for detecting common viruses using different virus-specific aptamers are summarized. Finally, limitations and prospects associated with developing of aptamer-based biosensors are discussed.

Keywords: Aptamer; Aptamer screening; Aptasensor; Virus.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Aptamers, Nucleotide* / chemistry
Biosensing Techniques* / methods
Humans
SELEX Aptamer Technique* / methods
Viruses* / isolation & purification

Substances

Aptamers, Nucleotide