Green extraction of phenolic compounds from the by-product of purple araçá (Psidium myrtoides) with natural deep eutectic solvents assisted by ultrasound: Optimization, comparison, and bioactivity

Food Res Int. 2024 Sep:191:114731. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114731. Epub 2024 Jul 3.

Abstract

The recovery of bioactive compounds is a promising approach for obtaining rich extracts from fruit by-products. This study investigated the influence of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents (NADES) and Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction (UAE) on the phenolic content, antioxidant capacity, and in vitro antidiabetic activity of Psidium myrtoides by-product. Among eight NADES evaluated based on choline chloride, NADES ChCl:Gly (1:2) was selected for its efficiency in extracting total phenolic compounds (TPC) with high antioxidant capacity. The optimized conditions were 61 °C, a solid-liquid ratio of 100 mg 5 mL-1, and a 60-minute extraction time. ChCl:Gly exhibited superior TPC recovery (2.6-fold greater effectiveness) compared to the 60 % hydroethanolic solution. Twenty-six phenolic compounds were identified, including significant levels of catechin (336.48 mg g-1) and isoquercetin (26.09 mg g-1). Phenolic acids, such as p-anisic acid (5.47 mg g-1) and methoxyphenylacetic acid (0.23 mg g-1), were identified for the first time in the purple araçá by-product. The ChCl:Gly extract demonstrated the highest bioactivity, showcasing antioxidant and antidiabetic capacities. This study introduces an innovative and sustainable alternative for recovering phenolic compounds from fruit by-products, offering enhanced recovery efficiency and/or selectivity compared to organic solvents.

Keywords: Antidiabetic potential; Bioactive compounds; Fruit waste; Green chemistry; NADES; Ultrasound-assisted extraction.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants* / analysis
  • Antioxidants* / chemistry
  • Antioxidants* / isolation & purification
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents* / chemistry
  • Fruit* / chemistry
  • Green Chemistry Technology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / analysis
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / chemistry
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / isolation & purification
  • Phenols* / analysis
  • Phenols* / isolation & purification
  • Plant Extracts* / chemistry
  • Psidium* / chemistry
  • Solvents / chemistry
  • Ultrasonic Waves

Substances

  • Phenols
  • Plant Extracts
  • Antioxidants
  • Deep Eutectic Solvents
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Solvents