Characterization of IL-6R-expressing monocytes in the lung of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Respir Investig. 2024 Sep;62(5):856-866. doi: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.07.013. Epub 2024 Jul 27.

Abstract

Background: Monocytes play a crucial role in innate immune responses for host defense, however, their involvement in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) remains poorly understood. We previously identified a subset of monocytes in COPD lung tissues characterized by high interleukin-6 receptor (IL-6R) expression. This study aimed to characterize the phenotypes of IL-6Rhi monocytes in the lungs of COPD patients.

Methods: Using flow cytometry, we assessed the abundance of pulmonary CD14+IL-6Rhi cells in never smokers (CNS), control ex-smokers (CES) and COPD patients. IL-6 expression in CD14+ monocytes isolated from the peripheral blood of patients with COPD was also examined. CD45+CD206-CD14+IL-6Rhi and CD45+CD206-CD14+IL-6R-/lo cells were isolated from COPD lung tissues for transcriptome analysis. A monocyte line THP1 cell with constitutive IL-6R expression was stimulated with recombinant IL-6, followed by RNA sequencing to evaluate the IL-6 responsiveness of IL-6R+ monocytes.

Results: The number of pulmonary CD14+IL-6Rhi monocytes was elevated in COPD patients compared to CNS, whereas CD14+ monocytes in the peripheral blood of COPD patients did not express IL-6R. Upregulated mRNA expression in CD14+IL-6Rhi monocytes was associated with chemotaxis, monocyte differentiation, fatty acid metabolism and integrin-mediated signaling pathway. Stimulation of THP1 cells with recombinant IL-6 induced changes in the expression of genes linked to chemotaxis and organism development.

Conclusion: In patients with COPD, CD14+IL-6Rhi monocytes are increased in lung tissues compared to those in CNS. They exhibit a transcriptome profile different from that of CD14+IL-6R-/lo monocytes.

Keywords: Chemotaxis; Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Monocytes; RNA sequencing.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Female
  • Flow Cytometry
  • Gene Expression
  • Humans
  • Interleukin-6 / genetics
  • Interleukin-6 / metabolism
  • Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / metabolism
  • Lung* / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Monocytes* / immunology
  • Monocytes* / metabolism
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / genetics
  • Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive* / metabolism
  • Receptors, Interleukin-6* / genetics
  • Receptors, Interleukin-6* / metabolism
  • THP-1 Cells

Substances

  • Receptors, Interleukin-6
  • Interleukin-6
  • Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
  • IL6R protein, human