Antidiabetic and Antioxidant Activities of Indian Bay Leaf (Cinnamomum tamala (Buch.-Ham.) T. Nees & Eberm.) Essential Oils Collected from Meghalaya

Chem Biodivers. 2024 Nov;21(11):e202400879. doi: 10.1002/cbdv.202400879. Epub 2024 Sep 16.

Abstract

The current work investigates the chemodiversity, in vitro antioxidant, α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential of Cinnamomum tamala (CT) leaf essential oil (EO) collected from different localities of East Khasi Hills District of Meghalaya, India. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis of all the extracted leaf essential oils facilitated the identification of several compounds in a variable range along with eugenol as the major component (74.79-95.12 %). CT8 exhibited the highest antioxidant activity (IC50=11.23±0.27 μg/mL for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and IC50=21.54±0.37 μg/mL for 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) among all EO evaluated. The results showed that the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) values for CT8 were 83.26±1.92 μM trolox/g oil and 70.29±1.90 ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE)/g of oil. α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition were highest in sample CT8 with IC50 values of 3.62±0.42 μg/mL and 16.29±0.32 μg/mL respectively. Caryophyllene, cyclohexene, 1, 5, 5-trimethyl-6-(2-propenylidene), germacrene D and eugenol showed strong binding potential toward α-amylase and α-glucosidase. It concluded that the chemodiversity and antidiabetic potential of C. tamla oil from Khasi Hills have never been studied. It can be taken as a dietary supplement as an antioxidant and antidiabetic to control blood glucose.

Keywords: Bay leaf; Cinnamomum tamala; Essential oil; Molecular docking; α-amylase; α-glucosidase.

MeSH terms

  • Antioxidants* / chemistry
  • Antioxidants* / isolation & purification
  • Antioxidants* / pharmacology
  • Benzothiazoles / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Benzothiazoles / chemistry
  • Biphenyl Compounds / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Cinnamomum* / chemistry
  • Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors* / chemistry
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors* / isolation & purification
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors* / pharmacology
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / chemistry
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / isolation & purification
  • Hypoglycemic Agents* / pharmacology
  • India
  • Oils, Volatile* / chemistry
  • Oils, Volatile* / isolation & purification
  • Oils, Volatile* / pharmacology
  • Picrates / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Plant Leaves* / chemistry
  • Sulfonic Acids / antagonists & inhibitors
  • alpha-Amylases* / antagonists & inhibitors
  • alpha-Amylases* / metabolism
  • alpha-Glucosidases* / metabolism

Substances

  • Oils, Volatile
  • Antioxidants
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • alpha-Amylases
  • alpha-Glucosidases
  • Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
  • Biphenyl Compounds
  • Picrates
  • Benzothiazoles
  • Sulfonic Acids
  • 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
  • 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline)-6-sulfonic acid