Breast milk induced immune haemolytic disease of newborn due to anti-c: A case report

Background: Hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn is a major risk factor for anemia and hyperbilirubinemia in newborns. Early identification and diagnosis can significantly improve neonatal health.

Case report: This report documents a case of hemolytic disease of fetus and newborn presenting as persistent neonatal anemia requiring frequent transfusion support. The underlying cause was determined to be the passive acquisition of hemolytic alloantibodies (anti-c) via breast milk.

Conclusion: Importance of antenatal screening for red cell antibodies is gradually being recognized and adopted in developing countries to minimize the burden of HDFN. Breast milk should be considered as a potential source of hemolysing alloantibodies in newborns and may require evaluation in mothers with alloantibodies in her serum.