Experimental toothpastes containing β-TCP nanoparticles functionalized with fluoride and tin to prevent Erosive Tooth Wear

J Dent. 2024 Oct:149:105273. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.105273. Epub 2024 Jul 29.

Abstract

Objectives: The present study aimed to synthesize toothpastes containing Beta- TriCalcium Phosphate (β-TCP) nanoparticles, functionalized with fluoride and tin, and test their ability to reduce erosive tooth wear (ETW).

Methods: Toothpastes were synthesized with the following active ingredients: 1100 ppm of fluoride (as sodium fluoride, F-), 3500 ppm of tin (as stannous chloride, Sn2+), and 800 ppm of β-TCP (Sizes a - 20 nm; and b - 100 nm). Enamel specimens were randomly assigned into the following groups (n = 10): 1. Commercial toothpaste; 2. Placebo; 3 F-; 4. F- + β-TCPa; 5. F- + β-TCPb; 6. F- + Sn2+; 7. F- + Sn2+ + β-TCPa and 8. F- + Sn2+ + β-TCPb. Specimens were subjected to erosion-abrasion cycling. Surface loss (in µm) was measured by optical profilometry. Toothpastes pH and available F- were also assessed.

Results: Brushing with placebo toothpaste resulted in higher surface loss than brushing with F- (p = 0.005) and F- + β-TCPb (p = 0.007); however, there was no difference between F- and F- + β-TCPb (p = 1.00). Commercial toothpaste showed no difference from Placebo (p = 0.279). The groups F-, F- + β-TCPa, F- + β-TCPb, F- + Sn2+, F- + Sn2+ + β-TCPa and F- + Sn2+ + β-TCPb were not different from the commercial toothpaste (p > 0.05). Overall, the addition of β-TCP reduced the amount of available fluoride in the experimental toothpastes. The pH of toothpastes ranged from 4.97 to 6.49.

Conclusions: Although toothpaste containing β-TCP nanoparticles protected enamel against dental erosion-abrasion, this effect was not superior to the standard fluoride toothpaste (commercial). In addition, the functionalization of β-TCP nanoparticles with fluoride and tin did not enhance their protective effect.

Clinical significance: Although β-TCP nanoparticles have some potential to control Erosive Tooth Wear, their incorporation into an experimental toothpaste appears to have a protective effect that is similar to a commercial fluoride toothpaste.

Keywords: Fluoride; Nanoparticles; Stannous ions; Surface loss; Tooth erosion; Toothpaste.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium Phosphates* / chemistry
  • Calcium Phosphates* / therapeutic use
  • Cattle
  • Dental Enamel* / drug effects
  • Fluorides / therapeutic use
  • Humans
  • Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
  • Materials Testing
  • Nanoparticles* / chemistry
  • Random Allocation
  • Sodium Fluoride / chemistry
  • Sodium Fluoride / therapeutic use
  • Surface Properties
  • Tin / chemistry
  • Tin Compounds / chemistry
  • Tin Compounds / therapeutic use
  • Tooth Abrasion / prevention & control
  • Tooth Erosion* / prevention & control
  • Toothbrushing
  • Toothpastes* / chemistry
  • Toothpastes* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Calcium Phosphates
  • Toothpastes
  • beta-tricalcium phosphate
  • stannous chloride
  • Tin Compounds
  • Sodium Fluoride
  • Fluorides
  • Tin