Diagnosis and Treatment of Hyperglycemia in Pregnancy: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Gestational Diabetes

Endocrinol Metab Clin North Am. 2024 Sep;53(3):335-347. doi: 10.1016/j.ecl.2024.05.011.

Abstract

Hyperglycemia in pregnancy due to pre-existing Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is rising globally with increasing rates of risk factors for metabolic disease. This review summarizes current evidence and recommendations from national and international guidelines for diagnosis and management of T2DM and GDM to optimize maternal and neonatal outcomes.

Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); Insulin; Metformin; Pregnancy; Type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / diagnosis
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / therapy
  • Diabetes, Gestational* / diagnosis
  • Diabetes, Gestational* / therapy
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia* / diagnosis
  • Hyperglycemia* / therapy
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy in Diabetics / blood
  • Pregnancy in Diabetics / diagnosis
  • Pregnancy in Diabetics / therapy

Substances

  • Hypoglycemic Agents