Research Progress on the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Neoatherosclerosis

Curr Med Sci. 2024 Aug;44(4):680-685. doi: 10.1007/s11596-024-2915-x. Epub 2024 Aug 3.

Abstract

Neoatherosclerosis (NA) within stents has become an important clinical problem after coronary artery stent implantation. In-stent restenosis and in-stent thrombosis are the two major complications following coronary stent placement and seriously affect patient prognosis. As the common pathological basis of these two complications, NA plaques, unlike native atherosclerotic plaques, often grow around residual oxidized lipids and stent struts. The main components are foam cells formed by vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) engulfing oxidized lipids at lipid residue sites. Current research mainly focuses on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS), but the specific pathogenesis of NA is still unclear. A thorough understanding of the pathogenesis and pathological features of NA provides a theoretical basis for clinical treatment. This article reviews the previous research of our research group and the current situation of domestic and foreign research.

Keywords: neoatherosclerosis; vascular smooth muscle cells.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Atherosclerosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Atherosclerosis / metabolism
  • Atherosclerosis / pathology
  • Atherosclerosis / therapy
  • Coronary Artery Disease / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Artery Disease / etiology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / pathology
  • Coronary Artery Disease / therapy
  • Coronary Restenosis / diagnostic imaging
  • Coronary Restenosis / etiology
  • Coronary Restenosis / pathology
  • Coronary Restenosis / therapy
  • Foam Cells / metabolism
  • Foam Cells / pathology
  • Humans
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / metabolism
  • Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / pathology
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / metabolism
  • Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / pathology
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / diagnostic imaging
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / pathology
  • Plaque, Atherosclerotic / therapy
  • Stents / adverse effects
  • Tomography, Optical Coherence*
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional / methods