Selecting the most informative positive and negative controls for self-controlled case series (SCCS): Rationale, approach, and lessons from studies investigating the safety of COVID-19 vaccines

Affiliations

• ¹ Usher Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
• ² Algebra University College, Zagreb, Croatia.
• ³ MRC/CSO Social & Public Health Sciences Unit, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
• ⁴ Public Health Scotland, Glasgow, UK.
• ⁵ School of Medicine, Medical Sciences & Nutrition, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK.
• ⁶ School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, St. Andrews, UK.
• ⁷ Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
• ⁸ Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq.
• ⁹ College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq.
• ¹⁰ School of Pharmacy, Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University, Pretoria, South Africa.
• ¹¹ School of Health, Wellington Faculty of Health, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand.
• ¹² Department of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK.
• ¹³ Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.