Dysfunctional tumor-infiltrating Vδ1 + T lymphocytes in microsatellite-stable colorectal cancer

Nat Commun. 2024 Aug 13;15(1):6949. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-51025-1.

Abstract

Although γδ T cells are known to participate in immune dysregulation in solid tumors, their relevance to human microsatellite-stable (MSS) colorectal cancer (CRC) is still undefined. Here, using integrated gene expression analysis and T cell receptor sequencing, we characterized γδ T cells in MSS CRC, with a focus on Vδ1 + T cells. We identified Vδ1+ T cells with shared motifs in the third complementarity-determining region of the δ-chain, reflective of antigen recognition. Changes in gene and protein expression levels suggested a dysfunctional effector state of Vδ1+ T cells in MSS CRC, distinct from Vδ1+ T cells in microsatellite-instable (MSI). Interaction analysis highlighted an immunosuppressive role of fibroblasts in the dysregulation of Vδ1+ T cells in MSS CRC via the TIGIT-NECTIN2 axis. Blocking this pathway with a TIGIT antibody partially restored cytotoxicity of the dysfunctional Vδ1 phenotype. These results define an operative pathway in γδ T cells in MSS CRC.

MeSH terms

  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / immunology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Complementarity Determining Regions / genetics
  • Complementarity Determining Regions / immunology
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating* / immunology
  • Male
  • Microsatellite Instability*
  • Microsatellite Repeats / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta* / genetics
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta* / immunology
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta* / metabolism
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / genetics
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / immunology
  • Receptors, Immunologic* / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta
  • TIGIT protein, human
  • Complementarity Determining Regions