The efficacy of adipose stem cell-derived exosomes in hair regeneration based on a preclinical and clinical study

Int J Dermatol. 2024 Sep;63(9):1212-1220. doi: 10.1111/ijd.17406. Epub 2024 Aug 18.

Abstract

Background: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a prevalent hair loss disorder with psychological repercussions. Traditional treatments have limitations, leading to the exploration of regenerative therapies such as exosomes derived from adipose tissue stem cells (ASC-Exosomes).

Methods: First, using human hair follicle (HF) dermal papilla cells (hDPCs) treated with ASC-Exosomes, ALP, VCAN, β-catenin, and LEF-1 levels with RT-PCR and p-GSK3β, GSK3β, β-catenin, ALP, and β-actin levels with western blot analysis were assessed. Hair shaft elongation test and assay for ALP, Ki-67, and β-catenin were done using human HF organ culture. Patients with AGA had ASC-Exosomes treatment and were evaluated for hair counts, photographic assessments, subjective satisfaction, and safety profiles.

Results: ASC-Exosomes impact hDPCs, increasing proliferation and the upregulation of hair growth-related genes, including ALP, VCAN, β-catenin, and LEF-1. The Wnt/β-catenin pathway was activated, indicating their role in promoting hair growth. ASC-Exosomes also promoted hair shaft elongation and ALP activity, suggesting a potential for hair regeneration. Thirty participants with AGA enrolled and treated over 24 weeks. The subjects experienced a significant increase in total hair density, improved global photographic assessments, and reported higher subjective satisfaction without severe adverse reactions.

Conclusion: This research contributes to the growing body of evidence supporting the use of exosomes in hair loss treatment, offering a safe and effective alternative for individuals with AGA.

Keywords: AGA; androgenetic alopecia; clinical treatment; exosome; hair; hair disorders; hair loss; hair diseases; regeneration.

MeSH terms

  • Adipose Tissue* / cytology
  • Adult
  • Alopecia* / therapy
  • Cell Proliferation*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Exosomes* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Hair / growth & development
  • Hair Follicle* / cytology
  • Humans
  • Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1* / metabolism
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Regeneration*
  • Stem Cells / metabolism
  • Stem Cells / physiology
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway
  • beta Catenin / metabolism

Substances

  • Lymphoid Enhancer-Binding Factor 1
  • beta Catenin
  • LEF1 protein, human