Piperazines are a class of new psychoactive substances with hallucinogenic effects that affect the central nervous system by affecting the level of monoamine neurotransmitters. Abuse of piperazines will produce stimulating and hallucinogenic effects, accompanied by headache, dizziness, anxiety, insomnia, vomiting, chest pain, tachycardia, hypertension and other adverse reactions, and may even cause cardiovascular diseases and multiple organ failure and lead to death, seriously affecting human physical and mental health and public safety. The abuse of new psychoactive substance piperazines has attracted extensive attention from the international community. The study of its pharmacological toxicology and analytical methods has become a research hotspot in the field of forensic medicine. This paper reviews the in vivo processes, sample treatment and analytical methods of existing piperazines, in order to provide reference for forensic identification.
哌嗪类新精神活性物质是一类具有致幻作用的化合物，通过影响单胺能神经递质的水平进而影响中枢神经系统。滥用该类物质后，会产生刺激和致幻作用并伴头痛、头晕、焦虑、失眠、呕吐、胸痛、心动过速、高血压等不良反应，甚至可能造成心血管系统损害和多器官衰竭而死亡，严重危害身心健康和公共安全。哌嗪类新精神活性物质的滥用已引起国际社会的广泛关注，对其药理毒理及分析方法的研究成为法医学领域的研究热点。本文综述了已有的哌嗪类新精神活性物质的体内过程、样品处理以及分析方法，以期为法医学鉴定提供参考依据。.
Keywords: forensic toxicology; gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry; high performance liquid chromatography; in vivo; liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry; new psychoactive substances; piperazines; review.