Microbial production of an aromatic homopolyester

Trends Biotechnol. 2024 Nov;42(11):1453-1478. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.06.001. Epub 2024 Aug 21.

Abstract

We report the development of a metabolically engineered bacterium for the fermentative production of polyesters containing aromatic side chains, serving as sustainable alternatives to petroleum-based plastics. A metabolic pathway was constructed in an Escherichia coli strain to produce poly[d-phenyllactate(PhLA)], followed by three strategies to enhance polymer production. First, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) granule-associated proteins (phasins) were introduced to increase the polymer accumulation. Next, metabolic engineering was performed to redirect the metabolic flux toward PhLA. Furthermore, PHA synthase was engineered based on in silico simulation results to enhance the polymerization of PhLA. The final strain was capable of producing 12.3 g/l of poly(PhLA), marking it the first bio-based process for producing an aromatic homopolyester. Additional heterologous gene introductions led to the high level production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-11.7 mol% PhLA) copolymer (61.4 g/l). The strategies described here will be useful for the bio-based production of aromatic polyesters from renewable resources.

Keywords: Escherichia coli; aromatic polyesters; biodegradable plastics; enzyme engineering; fermentation; non-natural polyesters; phasin; phenyllactate; polyhydroxyalkanoates; systems metabolic engineering.

MeSH terms

  • Acyltransferases / genetics
  • Acyltransferases / metabolism
  • Escherichia coli* / genetics
  • Escherichia coli* / metabolism
  • Fermentation
  • Lactates
  • Metabolic Engineering* / methods
  • Metabolic Networks and Pathways / genetics
  • Polyesters* / metabolism
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates / biosynthesis
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates / genetics
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates / metabolism

Substances

  • Polyesters
  • Polyhydroxyalkanoates
  • poly(3-hydroxyalkanoic acid) synthase
  • Acyltransferases
  • 3-phenyllactic acid
  • Lactates