Sexual dysfunction in women living with HIV: an updated narrative review

Introduction: Female sexual dysfunction is a significant concern for many women worldwide, with chronic health conditions such as HIV infection contributing to its prevalence. However, there is a paucity of studies focusing this subject in the available literature.

Objectives: This narrative review aimed to provide a comprehensive and updated overview of the current state of knowledge regarding sexual dysfunction in women living with HIV (WLWH).

Methods: References for this review were identified from MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane databases using the search terms "sexual dysfunction" AND "HIV" AND "female" OR "woman." The final reference list was generated based on the timeline, originality, and relevance to the scope of this narrative review.

Results: In the general population, female sexual function is influenced by various factors, including biological, psychological, physiological, sociocultural, and relational ones. In WLWH, the role of antiretroviral therapy in female sexual dysfunction is controversial. Although current international guidelines recommend collecting a thorough sexual life anamnesis during routine outpatient visits, sexual difficulties are often inadequately addressed.

Conclusion: A tailored clinical approach that focuses on the multidimensional domains of sexual dysfunction may improve the sexual health and quality of life in WLWH.