Cytoreductive Surgery With Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy and Liver Resection is a Treatment Option for Patients With Peritoneal and Liver Metastases From Colorectal Cancer

Ann Surg. 2024 Nov 1;280(5):745-752. doi: 10.1097/SLA.0000000000006492. Epub 2024 Aug 26.

Abstract

Objective: To study outcomes after cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (CRS-HIPEC) in patients also treated for colorectal liver metastases (CLM).

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) frequently metastasizes to the liver and peritoneum and is associated with a poor prognosis. In selected patients, a benefit in overall survival (OS) was shown for both peritoneal metastases (PM-CRC) offered CRS-HIPEC, and CLM treated with surgical resection. However, the presence of CLM was considered a relative contraindication to CRS-HIPEC, causing a paucity of outcome data in this patient group.

Methods: Patients with PM-CRC having CRS-HIPEC at a single national center between 2007 and 2023, with additional intervention for CLM, were included (previous curative treatment for extraperitoneal and extrahepatic metastases was allowed). Three groups were defined: CLM before CRS-HIPEC (pre-CRS-HIPEC), CLM resected simultaneously with CRS-HIPEC (sim-CRS-HIPEC), and CLM after CRS-HIPEC (post-CRS-HIPEC), aiming to retrospectively analyze outcomes.

Results: Fifty-seven patients were included and classified as: pre-CRS-HIPEC (n = 11), sim-CRS-HIPEC (n = 29), and post-CRS-HIPEC (n = 17). Median Peritoneal Cancer Index (PCI) was 8; 13 patients had severe complications (Clavien-Dindo ≥3), and no 90-day mortality. Median OS was 48 months after CRS-HIPEC. PCI was a predictor of OS (hazard ratio: 1.11, P < 0.001). We observed no difference in short or long-term outcomes between intervention groups.

Discussion: This study demonstrated that patients with CLM having CRS-HIPEC had comparable OS to reports on CRS-HIPEC only, likely explained by a low PCI. Simultaneous CLM resection did not increase the risk of severe complications.

Conclusions: In this national cohort, CRS-HIPEC and CLM intervention offers long-term survival, suggesting that this treatment may be offered to selected patients with PM-CRC and CLM.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Colorectal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Combined Modality Therapy
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures*
  • Female
  • Hepatectomy*
  • Humans
  • Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy*
  • Liver Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Liver Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Liver Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms* / secondary
  • Peritoneal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Survival Rate
  • Treatment Outcome